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Abstract

This study sought to examine patterns of linkages between technical institutions and extractive industries in developing practical skills of graduates. Specifically, the objectives were to examine forms of linkages between technical institutions and extractive industry firms in selected sites; and analyse work-organizing in linkages of technical institutions with extractive industry firms. To this end, a multiple-case study design was employed. Data collection involved a total of 55 participants, constituting 21 trainees, 12 trainers, and 3 principals/deputy principals. Other participants were 15 officials from extractive industry firms; 3 from regulatory body for technical institutions, as well as 1 industrial association in Tanzania. Data were generated from documentary reviews, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). The findings revealed that the patterns of linkages in the selected technical institutions and extractive industry firms is shaped by technical institutions and firms that seem to loosely couple the efficient coordination and cooperation on activities related to developing relevant practical skills of graduates. Evidence shows that activities are executed without orientation to the actual partners in the linkages; and the roles in the linkages were accepted without shared expectations, intentions, and objectives. As a result, technical institutions tightly conform to institutional demands with loose conformity to developing relevant practical skills processes. Based on the findings, the study recommends the government to intervene by enforcing and fostering the linkages to achieve the required objectives through intermediary actions and creation of institutional environment for participation of key stakeholders in developing practical skills of graduates in technical institutions,

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