Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Studies of Azo Dyes from Anacardic Acid, An Inexpensive Renewable Resource

Authors

John Mkungu, Chemistry Department, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaFollow
Quintino Mgani, Chemistry Department, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaFollow
Stephen Mdachi, Chemistry Department, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaFollow

Section

Physical Sciences

Abstract

(3AP) and 4-aminophenol (4AP) with both unsaturated (UA) and saturated (SA) anacardic acidsand the calcium salt (CA) of the unsaturated acid. The six prepared dyes are, thus, given theacronyms 3APSA, 3APUA, 3APCA, 4APSA, 4APUA, and 4APCA depending on the source of thediazonium salt and the form of anacardic acid used. The dyes were characterized using UV-Visand FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The UV-Vis absorption spectra of the dyes were found tohave maximum peaks at 520 nm for the dyes of 3AP origin and at 295 nm for the dyes of 4APorigin. The FT-IR spectra for the dyes indicated presence of the azo group around 1450 to 1520cm-1. The dyes showed moderate performance on textile fabrics used. The total extent of fixationwas 39% for 3APSA on the fabric with 100% cotton and 31% for fabric with 35:65%cotton/polyester content. On the other hand, the total extent of fixation was 33% for 4APSA on thefabrics with 100% cotton and 29% on fabric with 35:65% cotton/polyester content. The fastnesstest showed that the change in shade for one of the dye was 2/5 implying fair fastness to washing

Recommended Citation

Mkungu, John; Mgani, Quintino; and Mdachi, Stephen (2013) "Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Studies of Azo Dyes from Anacardic Acid, An Inexpensive Renewable Resource," Tanzania Journal of Science: Vol. 39: Iss. 1, Article 7.
Available at:https://doi.org/10.65085/2507-7961.1830