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Abstract

Rainfall variability has been and will continue to affect the socio-economic welfare of developing countries. Substantial evidence exists on agricultural-based adaptation practices, but less work is done in examining non-agricultural adaptation practices and their dynamics in response to rainfall variability. This paper investigates the effect of rainfall variability on the dynamics of entry into, sustained non-farm participation and exit from non-farm participation for rural farmers. Using the National Panel Survey for 2008, 2010, and 2010, the Pooled cross-section multinomial logit was employed as an approach to estimation. Results show that negative rainfall deviations reduce the likelihood of farmers’ entry into and sustained non-farm participation relative to remaining in exclusive farming. However, positive rainfall deviations increase the likelihood of exiting non-farm participation relative to remaining in exclusive farming. The results provide a basis for policy recommendations to the government in fostering entry and sustained non-farm participation for enhancing resilience to rainfall variability

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