Tanzanian Economic Review (TER) ensures that all ethical standards of scientific publications are upheld and takes all possible steps against non-compliance with the standards for publications in the journal. Authors are expected to submit only original works that have not been previously published and are not under consideration elsewhere to maintain the integrity of the journal. Consequently, all submitted manuscripts are subjected to the Turnitin software or other plagiarism check software to identify any form of plagiarism. Manuscripts found to contain plagiarised content or that violate publication ethics will be rejected outright. If cases of plagiarism or other forms of publication violations are discovered after publication, the journal reserves the right to retract the article. Authors should ensure they have obtained permissions to reproduce any material they do not own copyright to, and appropriate acknowledgements must be included in their manuscript in both print and electronic formats.