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Undergraduate Awareness of Sexual Harassment Law in Tanzania's Higher Learning Institutions: Case Studies of Two Universities

Abstract

This study examines undergraduate students' awareness of legal provisions and guidelines concerning sexual harassment in Tanzanian higher education, focusing on the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM) and the Open University of Tanzania (OUT) as case studies. Sexual harassment significantly impacts students’ well-being, safety, and academic success. Despite the existence of legal frameworks, students' knowledge of these provisions is often limited. The study employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological research design to explore students’ experiences and perceptions of harassment policies. This design allowed participants to share the meanings they attach to their experiences and how such policies are understood within academic settings. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, offering detailed insights into students' awareness and reporting behaviours. Findings reveal a notable gap in legal knowledge, with many students unaware of specific protections or holding only a superficial understanding of their rights. However, some student leaders and those studying Law, Social Work, and Sociology showed greater familiarity with student by-laws and anti-harassment policies. The study highlights the need for universities to promote legal literacy and safer learning environments. It recommends comprehensive education programmes, clearer reporting mechanisms, and more active involvement of student leaders in awareness efforts.

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